Profile Solar cells are the devices where solar energy is directly converted into electricity. Solar cells are made of naturally available semiconductors such as silicon and germanium. The resistivity of these materials is between those of conductors and insulators. Therefore they are called semiconductors. They behave like insulators at low temperature and like conductors above room temperature. To increase its conductivity semiconductors are doped with impurities. Semiconductors which are doped with impurities like boron or aluminium are termed as p-type semiconductors and those doped with impurities like phosphorous, are called n type semiconductors. In p type semiconductors holes are majority carriers and electrons are minority carriers and in n type semiconductors electrons are majority carriers and holes are minority carriers. Properties • High efficiency and stable performance in photovoltaic conversion. • Advanced diffusion technique ensuring the homogeneity of energy conversion efficiency of the cell. • Advanced PECVD film forming, providing a dark blue silicon nitride anti reflection film of homogenous color and attractive appearance. • High quality metal paste for back surface and electrode, ensuring good conductivity, high pulling strength and ease of soldering. • High precision patterning using screen printing, ensuring accurate busbar location for ease with automatic soldering a laser cutting. Advantages Solar cells are used to generate energy using the sun, which is a renewable source of energy, in place of using non eco friendly methods like burning fuel. The increasing use of Solar cell technology to produce energy gives a clear indication of the increasing awareness about the declining level of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment. The electricity produced through solar technology is being used to power homes, cars and appliances. This has made solar technology to be one of the most important advances in technology in recent times. There are many benefits of using Solar cell technology for generating power. • solar energy is renewable • 100% environment friendly technology, this technology is not going to release any greenhouse gases, harmful agents, volatile material or carbon dioxide into the environment. • highly durable and reliable Global Market Scenario Solar electric energy demand has grown by an average 30% per annum over the past 20 years against a backdrop of rapidly declining costs and prices. This decline in cost has been driven by economies of manufacturing scale, manufacturing technology improvements, and the increasing efficiency of solar cells. In 2009, the photovoltaic solar industry generated $38.5 billion in revenues globally, which includes the sale of solar modules and associated equipment, and the installation of solar systems. Solar buzz produces various forecast scenarios which, depending on the factors, see growth in the world PV market from $46.3 billion to $96.8 billion in 2014.PV installations grew to 7.3 GW in 2009, up 20% from the prior year. The various forecast scenarios predict demand rising to 15.4 37 GW in 2014, more than five times the size of the 2009 market. The worldwide on-grid segment grew by 20% in 2009, and the off grid market grew 23% in 2009, faster than on grid for the first time in 15 years but on a much smaller base. Cost Estimation: Capacity : Plant and Machinery: Rate of return : 44% BEP : 32%